Tax rates

Learn how to collect and report taxes with Tax Rates.

Use Tax Rate objects to apply taxes to invoices and subscriptions and to report the tax amounts you’ve collected. When applying tax rates, Stripe calculates the total tax amount per tax rate, summarizing it in a table of the collected tax rates and amounts, and ultimately, into exported tax summary reports.

Creating tax rates

If you’re working with a small number of tax rates, it’s often simpler to use the Dashboard to create and manage them. After creating tax rates, you can apply them to invoices and subscriptions.

You should create a catalog of tax rates that meet the requirements for the jurisdictions that you do business in. For instance, if you operate in Europe, you might want to create a catalog of tax rates for MOSS VAT.

Creating tax rates through the API

The following example demonstrates how you can create a tax rate via the API.

curl https://api.stripe.com/v1/tax_rates \
  -u sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc: \
  -d display_name="Sales Tax" \
  -d description="SF Sales Tax" \
  -d jurisdiction="CA - SF" \
  -d percentage="8.5" \
  -d inclusive=false
curl https://api.stripe.com/v1/tax_rates \
  -u sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc: \
  -d display_name="Sales Tax" \
  -d description="SF Sales Tax" \
  -d jurisdiction="CA - SF" \
  -d percentage="8.5" \
  -d inclusive=false

# Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
# See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
Stripe.api_key = 'sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc'

tax_rate = Stripe::TaxRate.create({
  display_name: 'Sales Tax',
  description: 'SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction: 'CA - SF',
  percentage: 8.5,
  inclusive: false,
})
# Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
# See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
Stripe.api_key = 'sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc'

tax_rate = Stripe::TaxRate.create({
  display_name: 'Sales Tax',
  description: 'SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction: 'CA - SF',
  percentage: 8.5,
  inclusive: false,
})

# Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
# See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
stripe.api_key = 'sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc'

tax_rate = stripe.TaxRate.create(
  display_name='Sales Tax',
  description='SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction='CA - SF',
  percentage=8.5,
  inclusive=false,
)
# Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
# See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
stripe.api_key = 'sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc'

tax_rate = stripe.TaxRate.create(
  display_name='Sales Tax',
  description='SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction='CA - SF',
  percentage=8.5,
  inclusive=false,
)

// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
\Stripe\Stripe::setApiKey('sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc');

$tax_rate = \Stripe\TaxRate::create([
  'display_name' => 'Sales Tax',
  'description' => 'SF Sales Tax',
  'jurisdiction' => 'CA - SF',
  'percentage' => 8.5,
  'inclusive' => false,
]);
// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
\Stripe\Stripe::setApiKey('sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc');

$tax_rate = \Stripe\TaxRate::create([
  'display_name' => 'Sales Tax',
  'description' => 'SF Sales Tax',
  'jurisdiction' => 'CA - SF',
  'percentage' => 8.5,
  'inclusive' => false,
]);

// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
Stripe.apiKey = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc";

TaxRateCreateParams params =
  TaxRateCreateParams.builder()
    .setDisplayName("Sales Tax")
    .setDescription("SF Sales Tax")
    .setJurisdiction("CA - SF")
    .setPercentage(new BigDecimal("8.5"))
    .setInclusive(false)
    .build();

TaxRate taxRate = TaxRate.create(params);
// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
Stripe.apiKey = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc";

TaxRateCreateParams params =
  TaxRateCreateParams.builder()
    .setDisplayName("Sales Tax")
    .setDescription("SF Sales Tax")
    .setJurisdiction("CA - SF")
    .setPercentage(new BigDecimal("8.5"))
    .setInclusive(false)
    .build();

TaxRate taxRate = TaxRate.create(params);

// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
const stripe = require('stripe')('sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc');

const taxRates = await stripe.taxRates.create({
  display_name: 'Sales Tax',
  description: 'SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction: 'CA - SF',
  percentage: 8.5,
  inclusive: false,
});
// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
const stripe = require('stripe')('sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc');

const taxRates = await stripe.taxRates.create({
  display_name: 'Sales Tax',
  description: 'SF Sales Tax',
  jurisdiction: 'CA - SF',
  percentage: 8.5,
  inclusive: false,
});

// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
stripe.Key = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc"

params := &stripe.TaxRateParams{
    DisplayName: stripe.String("Sales Tax"),
    Description: stripe.String("SF Sales Tax"),
    Jurisdiction: stripe.String("CA - SF"),
    Percentage: stripe.Float64(8.5),
    Inclusive: stripe.Bool(false),
}
tr, _ := taxrate.New(params)
// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
stripe.Key = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc"

params := &stripe.TaxRateParams{
    DisplayName: stripe.String("Sales Tax"),
    Description: stripe.String("SF Sales Tax"),
    Jurisdiction: stripe.String("CA - SF"),
    Percentage: stripe.Float64(8.5),
    Inclusive: stripe.Bool(false),
}
tr, _ := taxrate.New(params)

// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
StripeConfiguration.ApiKey = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc";

var options = new TaxRateOptions
{
    DisplayName = "Sales Tax",
    Description = "SF Sales Tax",
    Jurisdiction = "CA - SF",
    Percentage = 8.5m,
    Inclusive = false,
};
var service = new TaxRateService();
var taxRate = service.Create(options);
// Set your secret key. Remember to switch to your live secret key in production!
// See your keys here: https://dashboard.stripe.com/account/apikeys
StripeConfiguration.ApiKey = "sk_test_4eC39HqLyjWDarjtT1zdp7dc";

var options = new TaxRateOptions
{
    DisplayName = "Sales Tax",
    Description = "SF Sales Tax",
    Jurisdiction = "CA - SF",
    Percentage = 8.5m,
    Inclusive = false,
};
var service = new TaxRateService();
var taxRate = service.Create(options);

The display_name appears on your customer’s invoice, and is usually a short-name that describes the specific type of tax, such as Sales, VAT, or GST.

The percentage is a number (up to 4 decimal places) that represents the tax percentage to be collected.

The inclusive property determines whether the tax percent is either added to, or included in, the overall amount.

The optional jurisdiction property represents the tax jurisdiction of the tax rate and can be used to differentiate between tax rates of the same percentage. jurisdiction appears on your customer’s invoice.

Stripe allows you to store additional details in the description. This property is not exposed to your customers.

Inclusive vs exclusive Tax

Tax rates can either be exclusive or inclusive. An exclusive tax is not included in the invoice subtotal, whereas an inclusive tax is.

The following table illustrates a 25% tax rate modifying the total amount due, depending on whether it’s exclusive or inclusive.

Tax	Subtotal	Tax due	Total
25% Exclusive	$5.00	$1.25	$6.25 ($5.00 + $1.25)
25% Inclusive	$5.00	$1.00 (already included in the total)	$5.00 ($4.00 + $1.00)

Tax Exempt and Reverse Charge

A Customer’s exemption status can be set to either exempt or reverse.

In both cases, no tax will be calculated on the invoice.

In the case where the customer is liable for the tax (i.e. under the reverse-charge procedure within EU VAT), set the exemption status to reverse. The invoice and receipt PDF includes the text “Reverse charge”.

Using multiple tax rates

Tax rates can be applied to line items, or set as a default for all line items within an invoice. Up to five tax rates can be set per line item. When tax rates are set on both a line item and the invoice, the invoice’s rates do not apply to that line item.

For example, this invoice has two overall tax rate of 9.975% and 5%:

Invoice	Item tax rate	Overall invoice tax rate	Item tax rate (Effective)
Line item 1	(none)	9.975% and 5%	9.975% and 5%
Line item 2	10%	9.975% and 5%	10%
Line item 3	1% and 2%	9.975% and 5%	1% and 2%

Tax amounts

When tax rates are applied to an invoice, they are aggregated into the total_tax_amounts attribute. This attribute represents the sum of all tax amounts, per tax rate, over the entire invoice.

For example, here is an invoice where two line items have two different rates:

Invoice	Amount	Tax Rate	Tax Amount	Totals
Line item 1	$5.00	5% (excl)	$0.25
Line item 2	$10.00	10% (excl)	$1.00
Total Tax Amount			$1.25
Total	$15.00			$16.25

Rounding

When determining tax amounts, Stripe rounds at the invoice item level to the smallest currency unit before summing across the entire invoice.

Name	Amount	Tax Rate	Tax Amount (before rounding)	Tax Amount (after rounding)	Totals
Line Item 1	$0.43	15%	$0.0645	$0.06
Line Item 2	$4.84	15%	$0.7265	$0.73
Total Tax Amounts				$0.79
Subtotal	$5.27
Total					$6.06

Discounts

Discounts are usually applied before tax. However, this is occasionally not the case.

Reading each line left-to-right, noting the formula applied (in the table header), you can trace the values as they’re applied to the final, total amount.

Exclusive tax discount example

Stripe always applies discounts before exclusive tax.

This example shows how discounts are applied to an exclusive tax rate.

Invoice Item	Amount	Discount %	Discount $	Post Discount	Tax Rate	Tax $	Total
Formula	—	—	`Amount * Discount`	`Amount - Discount$`	—	`PostDiscount * TaxRate`	`PostDiscount + Tax$`
Line item 1	$5.00	10%	$0.50	$4.50	5% exl.	$0.23	$4.73
Line item 2	$10.00	10%	$1.00	$9.00	5% exl.	$0.45	$9.45
Total	$15.00		$1.50	$13.50		$0.68 (@ 5% exl.)	$14.18

Inclusive tax discount example

When tax rates are inclusive, discounts are applied to the original amount first. Then, taxes are calculated based on the remaining amount. This reduction has the side effect of reducing the tax amount due.

Invoice Item	Amount	Discount %	Discount $	Post Discount	Tax Rate	Tax $ (Included)	Total
Formula	—	—	`Amount * Discount%`	`Amount - Discount$`	—	`PostDiscount - PostDiscount / (1 + TaxRate)`	`PostDiscount`
Line item 1	$5.00	10%	$0.50	$4.50	5% incl.	$0.21	$4.50
Line item 2	$10.00	10%	$1.00	$9.00	5% incl.	$0.43	$9.00
Total	$15.00	—	$1.50	$13.50	—	$0.64 (@ 5% incl.)	$13.50

Both inclusive and exclusive tax with discount example

In the case where you have both inclusive and exclusive tax, the two rules apply together in the following steps for every line item:

The inclusive tax amount is calculated based off the post-discounted amount by multiplying by the inclusive tax rate.
The exclusive tax amount is calculated by multiplying the exclusive tax rate by the post-discounted amount less the inclusive tax amount.
The total amount due is calculated by summing the post-discounted amount and the exclusive tax amount (calculated in step 2).

Invoice Item	Amount	Discount %	Discount $	Post Discount	Inclusive Tax Rate	Inclusive Tax $	Post Discount, Less Incl. Tax	Exclusive Tax Rate	Exclusive Tax $	Total
Formula	—	—	`Amount * Discount%`	`Amount - Discount$`	—	`PostDiscount - PostDiscount / (1 + TaxRate)`	`PostDiscount - InclusiveTax$`	—	`PostDiscLessIncTax * TaxRate`	`PostDiscount + ExclTax$`
Line item 1	$5.00	10%	$0.50	$4.50	5% incl.	$0.21	$4.29	7% excl.	$0.30	$4.80
Line item 2	$10.00	10%	$1.00	$9.00	5% incl.	$0.43	$8.57	7% excl.	$0.60	$9.60
Total	$15.00	—	$1.50	$13.50	—	$0.64 (@ 5% incl.)	$12.86	—	$0.90 (@ 7% excl.)	$14.40

Tax reporting and remittance

Any business collecting taxes will ultimately need to remit tax to the appropriate government.

You can use Stripe’s data exports to populate the periodic reports that you are required to make to taxation authorities.

Data exports

From the Dashboard’s Tax Rates list page, you can export data files required for tax reporting calculations.

Stripe Billing provides two different levels of tax report export files:

Line-item tax export — A lower-level export, this includes details down to the line-item level, including per-line-item tax rates, inclusive/exclusive, amounts, etc.
Invoice export — Shows the aggregate tax collected on the invoice as a whole, including adjustments for any refunds.

For remittance reporting, use the line-item tax export to sum all amounts paid for all tax rates used. To factor in any refunds you will also need to pivot against the Invoice export.